|
The Stella Matutina (Morning Star) was an initiatory magical order dedicated to the dissemination of the traditional teachings of the earlier Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. Originally, the outer order of the Stella Matutina was known as ''Mystic Rose'' or ''Order of the M.R. in the Outer''.〔King, 1989, page 96〕 Notably, when occult author Israel Regardie released the documents of the Golden Dawn to the general public for the first time, it was not the teachings of the original order, but those of the Stella Matutina that he revealed. The Stella Matutina was one of several daughter organisations into which the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn fragmented, including the Alpha et Omega (led by John William Brodie-Innes and Macgregor Mathers; the Isis-Urania Temple led by A.E. Waite, and others. ==Origins== After a revolt of London Adepts against the then-head of the Order (Samuel MacGregor Mathers) in early 1900, the Order segmented into two new groups. Those who remained loyal to Mathers took on the name Alpha et Omega, while the London group took on the name Hermetic Society of the Morgenrothe. The latter group retained such members as Robert Felkin (a British doctor), John William Brodie-Innes, A.E. Waite, Rev. Ayton, W.B. Yeats and others.〔Llewellyn Encyclopedia: ("Golden Dawn Time Line" )〕 The Morgenrothe had a very short existence before it, too, schismed into two groups. Those who were most interested in Christian Mysticism (led by A.E. Waite) took over the remnants of Isis-Urania, and formed the Independent and Rectified Rite of the Golden Dawn, and later the Fellowship of the Rosy Cross. Those from the Morgerothe who were more interested in occultism (led by Dr. Felkin) formed the group "Stella Matutina"- naming their Mother Temple "Amoun."〔 The outer order was changed by Dr. Felkin and other members of the Golden Dawn based in London.〔 Among others who helped form Stella Matutina was J.W. Brodie-Innes, though he soon made peace with Mathers and left for the Alpha et Omega.〔(Llewellyn Encyclopedia online )〕 The first gesture of independence brought a committee of twelve to govern for a year. Further developments forced them to realise that this was far from satisfactory.〔Regardie, 1989, page 18〕 With pettiness and further dispute, they abandoned every reform and went back to the original scheme of appointing three chiefs to lead and govern them.〔Regardie, 1989, page 19〕 While visiting New Zealand in 1912, Dr. Felkin issued a Warrant for the Smaragdum Thallasses Temple No. 49 (commonly referred to as Whare Ra (Maori for "House of the Sun")), which operated in the basement of his purpose built home at Havelock North, in the Hawke's Bay Region. Felkin's visit was closely associated with the ''New Zealand Province of the Societas Rosicruciana''.〔King, 1989, page 106〕 The stay was supposed to be permanent, but Mr. Meakin, who was to take over as chief of the Amoun Temple, died in the autumn of 1912.〔 Felkin returned to England, but immigrated to New Zealand permanently in 1916. During the next few years, Felkin established Hermes Lodge in Bristol, the Secret College in London, and Merlin Lodge, also in London. The Amoun Temple of the Stella Matutina in London closed its doors in 1919.〔King, 1989, page 127〕 due to two members becoming schizophrenic, one of whom, a clergyman, was later to die in a mental institution.〔 In 1933, Israel Regardie joined the Hermes Temple in Bristol,〔Regardie, 1989, page 208〕 and resigned from Amoun Temple in 1934, finding it, according to him, in a state of low morale and decay. Many of the original Golden Dawn's Knowledge Lectures had been "removed or heavily amended, largely because they were beyond the capacity of the chiefs."〔King, 1989, page 154〕 These same chiefs claimed "extraordinarily exalted" grades, but Regardie found them lacking. As an example, he recounted that no one in the temple knew how to play Enochian chess, in fact the Order's chess set had never been used.〔 He constructed his own boards and he challenged his superiors in the Order to play: all refused with excuses.〔 By 1939, Stella Matutina became largely dormant, although the Hermes Temple continued until 1970. Whare Ra in New Zealand continued until 1978.〔〔Gilbert, 1986, 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Stella Matutina」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|